Gears
To ensure that the shifting process and the subsequent continuation of the journey work smoothly, you need a high-quality rear derailleur. The choice of different gear types and settings is large, the "right" gear depends on the intended use of the bike. That is, depending on the type of bike (mountain bike, road bike, touring bike, e-bike ...) varies the appropriate bicycle rear derailleur. Basically, derailleurs are used to move the running bicycle chain between several different sized sprockets on the sprocket set.
Well-known manufacturers in the Schaltegement are Shimano, Sram and Campagnolo. However, the mostly smaller manufacturers Pinion, Rohloff and Nuvinci are also gaining ground, bringing with them great expertise in the gear and hub shift segment.
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How does a derailleur work?
Modern derailleur gears have an extensive, finely graduated range of ratios that change the drive ratio within fractions of a second. The transmission consists of one, two or three chainrings at the front and a cassette with 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 or 12 sprockets on the rear hub. Changing gears is done at the front on the chainrings by the front derailleur and at the rear on the cassette by the rear derailleur. The different combinations of front and rear sprockets result in different gear ratios - the different gears.
The front derailleur and rear derailleur are controlled mechanically via Bowden cables or electrically via cable or radio (wireless).
Make sure that the chain is guided in an almost uninterlaced manner at the front and rear to avoid increased wear on the chain, chainrings and sprockets. Also avoid shifting under load or do not put pressure on the pedals while changing from one sprocket (chainring) to the other to avoid accelerating wear.
Also important is the care and maintenance, which always entails cleaning the entire system chain-cassette-chainrings-reverse derailleur, otherwise you spread the old dirt. Only then is the lubrication of the chain and the adjustment of the circuit.
How does a hub gear work?
In hub gears, the entire transmission is usually housed as a planetary gear in the rear hub. The system is closed and thus very well protected against weather and dirt. Here, the bicycle chain only takes over the task of transmitting power from the pedal crank including chainring to the drive sprocket on the rear wheel hub. This reduces wear on the chain compared to derailleur gears.
The hub gears are controlled either mechanically via a twist grip and Bowden cable or electrically via a switch. An automatic function is also available today.
What to look for when buying a rear derailleur?
Make sure that the length of the shift cage is compatible with the mounted system and that the number of teeth specified in the product description is at least as high as that of the existing cassette. Other criteria from which derailleurs differ from each other are the noise when shifting, the weight of the components, the damping technology whereby sagging or bouncing of the chain is prevented.